 |
| Diseases 3 Chart |
Spectrum Chart - 338 : Diseases 3
1. Influenza - Influenza, commonly known
as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by an
influenza virus. Symptoms can be mild to severe. Common symptoms
include a high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains,
headache, coughing and feeling tired. Yearly vaccinations against
influenza are recommended by the WHO for prevention.
2. Dengue - Dengue fever is a
mosquito-borne tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. Symptoms
typically begin three to fourteen days after infection. This may
include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains and
a characteristic skin rash. The diagnosis of dengue is typically made
clinically, on the basis of reported symptoms and physical
examination.
3. Conjunctivitis - Conjunctivitis is
inflammation of the outermost layer of the white part of the eye and
the inner surface of the eyelid. It makes the eye appear pink or
reddish. There may also be pain, burning, scratchiness or itchiness.
Conjunctivitis when caused by an infection is most commonly caused by
a viral infection. Bacterial infections, allergies, other irritants
and dryness are also common causes. Conjunctivitis may also be caused
by allergens such as pollen, perfumes, smoke, cosmetics, dust mites
and eye drops.
4. Sleeping Sickness - Sleeping sickness
is a parasitic disease of humans and other animals. It is caused by
protozoa of the species Trypanosoma brucei. It is usually transmitted
by the bite of an infected tsetse fly and are most common in rural
areas. In the first stage of the disease, there are fevers,
headaches, itchiness and joint pains. Treatment is easier when the
disease is detected early and before neurological symptoms occur.
5. Small Pox – Smallpox was an
infectious disease caused by either of two virus variants, Variola
major and Variola minor. Infection with smallpox is focused in small
blood vessels of the skin and in the mouth and throat before
disseminating. After vaccination campaigns throughout the 19th and
20th centuries, the WHO certified the global eradication of smallpox
in 1979.
6. Cancer – Cancer is a group of
diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade
or spread to other parts of the body. Possible signs and symptoms
include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained
weight loss and a change in bowel movements. Tobacco use is the cause
of about 22% of cancer deaths. Another 10% is due to obesity, poor
diet, lack of physical activity and drinking alcohol. Cancer can be
detected by certain signs and symptoms or screening tests. It is then
typically further investigated by medical imaging and confirmed by
biopsy. Cancer is often treated with some combination of radiation
therapy, surgery, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy.
7. Parkinson - Parkinson's disease is a
disease that slowly damages the central nervous system. The central
nervous system is made up of the brain and spine. When a person gets
Parkinson's disease, the cells that make dopamine in a part of the
brain die. Dopamine cells send information to other cells which makes
us do the actions we do. Because of this, Parkinson's disease mainly
affects the body's motor system. People normally get Parkinson’s
disease when they are over 50 years old.
8. Sinusitis - Sinusitis is inflammation
of the sinuses resulting in symptoms. Common signs and symptoms
include thick nasal mucus, a plugged nose and pain in the face. Other
signs and symptoms may include fever, headaches, poor sense of smell,
sore throat and cough. Recommended treatments for most cases of
sinusitis include rest and drinking enough water to thin the mucus.
Breathing low-temperature steam such as from a hot shower or gargling
can relieve symptoms.
9. Guinea Worm - Guinea-worm disease is an
infection by the Guinea worm. A person becomes infected when they
drink water that contains water fleas infected with guinea worm
larvae. Initially there are no symptoms. About one year later, the
person develops a painful burning feeling as the female worm forms a
blister in the skin, usually on the lower limb. The worm then comes
out of the skin over the course of a few weeks.
10. Hepatitis B - Hepatitis B is an
infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus which affects the
liver. It can cause both acute and chronic infections. Many people
have no symptoms during the initial infection. Some develop a rapid
onset of sickness with vomiting, yellowish skin, tiredness, dark
urine and abdominal pain. Infection with hepatitis B can be prevented
by vaccination, where an injection is given which makes the body
immune to the virus. It is recommended that all people are given a
series of three vaccines over a few months.
11. Psoriasis – Psoriasis is a
long-lasting autoimmune disease which is characterised by patches of
abnormal skin. These skin patches are typically red, itchy and scaly.
They may vary in severity from small and localised to complete body
coverage. There is no cure for psoriasis. However, various treatments
can help control the symptoms. These treatments may include steroid
creams, vitamin D3 cream, ultraviolet light and immune system
suppressing medications.
12. Blood Cancer - Blood cancer is a type
of cancer or tumor. Blood cancer hurts the blood, bone marrow, lymph
and lymphatic system. Sometimes more than one body part is hurt.
People with blood cancer often take drugs called chemotherapy or
immunotherapy. If the blood cancer is in one place, they may have
radiotherapy. A bone marrow transplant is a difficult way to kill
blood cancers.
No comments:
Post a Comment