Rice – Rice is a type of
grain. It is eaten as staple food in many parts of Asia. Rice used
to be the main diet in many countries. It is usually eaten cooked or
boiled. Rice contains a lot of carbohydrates. China & India are
the leading producer of rice in the world.
Wheat – Wheat is a cereal
grain that people can eat. It is a kind of grass whose fruit is a
"head of wheat" with edible seeds. wheat is the leading
source of vegetable protein in human food. Wheat grain is a staple
food used to make flour for leavened, flat and steamed breads,
biscuits, cookies, cakes, breakfast cereal, pasta, noodles etc.
China & India are the leading producer of the wheat in the
world.
Millet – Millets are
grains for fodder and human food. 97% of millet production in
developing countries. The crop is favoured due to its productivity
and short growing season under dry, high-temperature conditions. The
most widely grown millet is pearl millet, which is an important crop
in India. India is the world's largest producer of millet.
Maize - Maize, commonly
known as corn, is a large grain plant first domesticated by
indigenous peoples in Mexico about 10,000 years ago. The six major
types of corn are dent corn, flint corn, pod corn, popcorn, flour
corn and sweet corn. It is used as a staple food by many people in
Mexico, Central and South America and parts of Africa. USA is the
leading producer of maize in the world.
Barley – Barley is a
major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one
of the first cultivated grains. Barley has also been used as animal
fodder. Barley is
a key ingredient in beer and whisky production. Russia is the
world's largest producer of barley.
Ground Nut - Groundnut,
also known as Peanut, is a crop of global importance. Groundnut is
widely produced in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.
Groundnut pods develop under the
ground, which is very unusual among crop plants. They are similar in
taste and nutritional profile to tree nuts such as walnuts and
almonds. China & India are the leading producer of groundnuts in
the world.
Tea – Tea is a drink that
is popular all over the world. It is made by soaking the dried
leaves or flowers of the plant Camellia sinensis in hot water.
China, India & Kenya are the leading producer of tea in the
world. Russia, UK & Pakistan are the biggest importers of tea.
Coffee – Coffee is a
brewed drink prepared from roasted coffee beans. Coffee is one of
the most popular drinks in the world. It is usually served hot,
although iced coffee is also served. Coffee is slightly acidic and
can have a stimulating effect on humans because of its caffeine
content. Brazil leads the productions of coffee in the world.
Castor - Castor seed is the
source of castor oil, which has a wide variety of uses. Castor oil
has many uses in medicine and other applications. In Brazil, castor
oil is now being used to produce bio diesel. Castor oil was
traditionally used on the skin to prevent dryness. This is now used
as a base for many cosmetics. India is globally the largest producer
of castor.
Gram – Gram seed are high
in protein & one of the earliest cultivated legumes. Grams are
used to make curries and are one of the most popular vegetarian
foods in the India. They are are a nutrient-dense food, providing
rich content of protein, dietary fibre, folate and certain dietary
minerals such as iron and phosphorus. India is the world leader in
production, it produces around 15 times as much as the
second-largest producer, Australia.
Black Pepper - Black pepper
is a flowering vine, cultivated for its fruit, which is usually
dried and used as a spice and seasoning. When dried, the fruit is
known as a peppercorn. Black pepper is native to south India and is
extensively cultivated there and elsewhere in tropical regions.
Currently, Vietnam is the world's largest producer and exporter of
pepper.
Kidney Bean – The kidney
bean is a variety of the common bean. It is named for its visual
resemblance in shape and colour to a kidney. They are an integral
part of the cuisine in northern regions of India, where the beans are
known as rajma.
Peas – Pea is most
commonly the small spherical seed or the seed-pod of the pod fruit
Pisum sativum. Each pod contains several peas. Pea pods are
botanically fruit. It is a cool-season crop grown in many parts of
the world, planting can take place from winter to early summer
depending on location. The average pea weighs between 0.1 and 0.36
grams. Peas are starchy, but high in fiber, protein, vitamin,
phosphorus, magnesium, copper, iron & zinc.
Sugar Cane - Sugarcane is
one of the several species of tall perennial true grasses. The world
demand for sugar is the primary driver of sugarcane agriculture.
Cane accounts for 80% of sugar produced. Other than sugar, products
derived from sugarcane include falernum, molasses, rum, bagasse and
ethanol. Brazil led the world in sugarcane production. Ethanol a
byproduct of sugar production. It can be used as a bio fuel
alternative to gasoline.
Cotton – Cotton is a
soft, fluffy staple fibre that grows in a boll or protective case,
around the seeds of cotton plant. Cotton is used to make a number of
textile products. Cotton is also used in fishing nets, coffee
filters, tents, cotton paper, and in bookbinding. The largest
producers of cotton currently are China and India.
Rubber - Rubber as
initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound
isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds plus
water. Rubber is harvested mainly in the form of the latex from the
para rubber tree or others. Rubber is used by many manufacturing
companies for the production of rubber products. Rubber has a large
stretch ratio and high resilience and is extremely waterproof.
Malaysia is one of the leading producers of rubber.
Tobacco – Tobacco is a
product prepared from the leaves of the tobacco plant by curing
them. Tobacco contains the alkaloid nicotine, which is a stimulant.
Dried tobacco leaves are mainly used for smoking in cigarettes,
cigars etc. Tobacco use is a risk factor for many diseases, WHO
named tobacco as the world's single greatest cause of preventable
death. China is the leading producer of tobacco.
Jute – Jute is a long,
soft, shiny vegetable fibre that can be spun into coarse, strong
threads. It is produced primarily from plants in the genus
Corchorus. Jute is one of the natural fibres and is second only to
cotton in amount produced and variety of uses of vegetable fibres.
India is the world's largest producer of jute. Jute is used to make
various products: packaging materials jute bags, sacks to expensive
carpets, espadrilles, sweaters etc.
Jaggery – Jaggery is a
traditional non-centrifugal cane sugar consumed in Asia and Africa.
It is a concentrated product of date, cane juice or palm sap without
separation of the molasses and crystals and can vary from golden
brown to dark brown in colour. It contains up to 50% sucrose, up to
20% invert sugars and up to 20% moisture. Maharashtra is the largest
producer and consumer of jaggery in India.
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