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| Pre Historic Animals Chart |
Spectrum Chart - 219 : Pre Historic Animals
1. Brachiosaurus – Brachiosaurus was a
herbivorous dinosaur genus that lived in the Upper Jurassic period.
Brachiosaurus was about 25 m (82 feet) long and 13 meters (42 feet)
tall. It was one of the biggest dinosaurs. Brachiosaur's front legs
were longer than its back legs. Brachiosaurus was a sauropod. Its
fossils were found in North America. The Brachiosaurus skeleton in
the Humboldt Museum in Berlin, Germany is both the tallest and
largest complete sauropod skeleton.
2. Stegosaurus – Stegosaurus was a type
of plant-eating dinosaur which lived in what is now western North
America. Stegosaurus lived in the Upper Jurassic period around 155 to
145 million years ago. It is one of the most easily recognized
dinosaurs, with its distinctive double row of kite-shaped plates on
its back and the long spikes on its tail. The armor was necessary as
it lived with such meat-eaters as Allosaurus and Ceratosaurus.
Stegosaurus was the largest stegosaur, reaching up to 12 m in length
and weighing up to 5,000 kg.
3. Tyrannosaurus – Tyrannosaurus was a
large predatory dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous, 67 to 65.5
million years ago. Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal carnivore with a
massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Compared to the large
and powerful hind limbs, its forelimbs were small, but powerful for
their size. They had two clawed digits. Tyrannosaurus had a very
strong jaw and its bite power could snap the bones of other
dinosaurs.
4. Macrauchenia – Macrauchenia was an
early hoofed mammal with a long neck, it may have had a long trunk.
This quadruped lived during the Pleistocene. Fossils of Macrauchenia
have been found in Argentina, South America. Macrauchenia was an
herbivore that had high-crowned cheek teeth. Macrauchenia had a
somewhat camel-like body, with sturdy legs, a long neck and a
relatively small head. It was a relatively large animal, with a body
length of around 3 metres (9.8 ft) and a weight up to 1043 kg.
5. Dilophosaurus – Dilophosaurus is a
genus of theropod dinosaur. Dilophosaurus was among the largest
carnivores of its time and had a pair of rounded crests on its skull.
Dilophosaurus measured around 7 m long and may have weighed 400
kilograms.
6. Woolly Mammoth - Woolly Mammoth is a
species of mammoth that lived during the Pleistocene epoch and was
one of the last in a line of mammoth species. The woolly mammoth
diverged from the steppe mammoth about 400,000 years ago in eastern
Asia. Its closest extant relative is the Asian elephant. The
appearance and behaviour of this species are among the best studied
of any prehistoric animal because of the discovery of frozen
carcasses in Siberia and Alaska. The woolly mammoth coexisted with
early humans, who used its bones and tusks for making art, tools and
dwellings and the species was also hunted for food.
7. Smilodon – Smilodon was a genus of
saber-toothed cat. Smilodon was around the size of modern big cats,
but was more robustly built. It had a reduced lumbar region, high
scapula, short tail and broad limbs with relatively short feet.
Smilodon is most famous for its relatively long canine teeth, which
are the longest found in the saber-toothed cats, at about 28 cm long.
8. Phorusrhacos – Phorusrhacos was a
genus of giant predatory flightless birds which lived in Patagonia.
The terror birds lived in woodlands and grasslands. Remains are known
from several localities in the Santa Cruz Province of Argentina.
Phorusrhacos stood around 2.5 m tall and weighed approximately 130
kilograms. It was nicknamed the "Terror Bird" for obvious
reasons, it was one of the largest carnivorous birds ever to have
existed. Its rudimentary wings had claws shaped like a meat hook for
tackling prey, which was then killed with the massive beak. It ate
small mammals and carrion.
9. Styracosaurus – Styracosaurus was a
genus of herbivorous ceratopsian dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous,
about 76.5 to 75 million years ago. It had four to six long horns
extending from its neck frill, a smaller horn on each of its cheeks
and a single horn protruding from its nose. Styracosaurus was a
relatively large dinosaur, reaching lengths of 5.5 metres and
weighing nearly 3 tonnes. It stood about 1.8 m tall. Styracosaurus
possessed four short legs and a bulky body. Its tail was rather
short.
10. Struthiomimus – Struthiomimus was a
long-legged, ostrich-like dinosaur of the ornithomimid family. It
lived in what is now Alberta,Canada, during the Upper Cretaceous,
about 75 to 65 million years ago. Struthiomimus had a typical build
and skeletal structure for an ornithomimid, differing from genera
like Ornithomimus in proportions and anatomical details. It had a
small slender head on a long neck. Its eyes were large and its jaws
were toothless. The tail was stiff and was probably used for balance.
11. Tasmanian Wolf – Tasmanian Wolf was a
carnivorous marsupial animal. Native to continental Australia,
Tasmania and New Guinea, it is believed to have become extinct in the
20th century. It was the last extant member of its family,
Thylacinidae. It was a nocturnal (night) hunting animal. They ate
wallabies, rats, birds, echidnas, rabbits and sheep.
12. Woolly Rhinoceros - Woolly Rhinoceros
is an extinct species of rhinoceros. It was widespread throughout the
tundra of northern Eurasia during the Pleistocene epoch, about 1.8
million years ago until about 10,000 years ago (the end of the last
ice age). Woolly rhinoceros was typically around 3 to 3.8 metres in
length, with an estimated weight of around 1,800 - 2,700 kg. It was
well adapted to the cold, it had thick, shaggy fur, small ears, short
legs and a massive body.
13. Propalaeotherium – Propalaeotherium
was an early genus of equid endemic to Europe and Asia during the
Middle Eocene. Propalaeotheres were small animals, ranging from 30–60
cm at the shoulder weighing just 10 kg. They looked rather like very
small tapirs. They had no hooves, having instead several small
nail-like hooflets. They were herbivorous and the amazingly
well-preserved Messel fossils show that they ate berries and leaf
matter picked up from the forest floor.
14. Andrewsarchus – Andrewsarchus is an
extinct genus of mammal that lived during the middle Eocene epoch in
what is now Inner Mongolia, China. This large heavily-built,
wolf-like, mammal lived during the Eocene, about 45 to 36 million
years ago. It walked on four short legs and had a long body, a long
tail and feet with hoofed toes. It had a long snout with large, sharp
teeth and flat cheek teeth that may have been used to crush bones.
15. Dodo - Dodo is an extinct flightless
bird that was endemic to the island of Mauritius. Dodo is one of the
first species known to have died because of humans, Dodos have been
extinct since the late 17th century. The dodo was a large bird and
weighed about 23 kg. They had grey feathers and yellow feet. Their
big hooked bill was a green/yellow colour. It had short wings that
were only stubs. They ate fruit, seeds and nuts.
16. Chalicothere – Chalicotheres were a
group of herbivorous, odd-toed ungulate mammals spread throughout
North America, Europe, Asia and Africa during the Middle Eocene to
Early Pleistocene subepochs existing approximately 45 million years
ago. They died out around 781,000 years ago. Chalicotheres are
related to the extinct brontotheres, as well as to modern day horses,
rhinoceroses, and tapirs. Chalicotheres had long forelimbs and short
hind limbs.
17. Apidium - Apidium is that of at least
three extinct primates living from the late Eocene to the early
Oligocene, roughly 36 to 32 million years ago. Apidium fossils are
common in the Fayoum deposits of Egypt. Apidium species were well
adapted to life in what once were the tropical forests of North
Africa. They lived in trees and apparently moved on top of tree limbs
by a combination of quadrupedalism and leaping, much as do living
squirrel monkeys of the genus Saimiri. These primates appear to have
been frugivorous and diurnal, with keen eyesight.
18. Entelodont – Entelodonts —
sometimes facetiously termed hell pigs or terminator pigs are an
extinct family of pig-like omnivores of the forests and plains of
North America, Europe and Asia from the middle Eocene to early
Mioceneepochs, existing for about 21 million years. Entelodonts are
an extinct group of rather pig-like omnivorous mammals with bulky
bodies, but short, slender legs and long muzzles. Entelodonts had
full sets of teeth, including large canines, heavy incisors, and
relatively simple, yet powerful, molars.
19. Moa – Moa were large flightless
birds. They lived only in New Zealand and are now all extinct. They
were the dominant herbivores in New Zealand's forest, shrub land and
subalpine ecosystems for thousands of years and until the arrival of
the Maori were hunted only by the Haast's eagle. Moa extinction
occurred around in CE 1440 primarily due to over hunting by Maori.
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