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Friday 20 January 2017

Chart 170 - Amphibians

Amphibians Chart containing images of various amphibians
Amphibians Chart

Spectrum Chart - 170 : Amphibians

  1. Frog – Frogs are a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura. Frog have long hind legs, elongated ankle bones, webbed toes, no claws, large eyes and a smooth or warty skin. Like other amphibians, oxygen can pass through their highly permeable skins.
  2. Flying Frog – A flying frog (also called a gliding frog) is a frog that has the ability to achieve gliding flight. That is, it can descend at an angle of less than 45° relative to the horizontal. Other arboreal frogs can also descend vertically, but only at angles greater than 45°, which is referred to as parachuting.
  3. Poisonous Frog - Poison frog (also known as dart-poison frog) is the common name of a group of frogs in the family Dendrobatidae which are native to tropical Central and South America. Most poison dart frogs are brightly coloured. Their bright coloration is associated with their toxicity and levels of alkaloids.
  4. Surinam Toad - Suriname toad is a species of frog in the Pipidae family found in South America. They are almost completely flat. Its feet are broadly webbed with the front toes Specimens of close to 20 cm in length have been recorded, although 10–13 cm (4–5 in) is a typical size. The Suriname toad has minute eyes, no teeth and no tongue.
  5. Midwife Toad - Midwife toads are a genus of frogs in the Alytidae family and are found in most of Europe and northwestern Africa. Characteristic of these toad is their parental care, the males carry a string of fertilised eggs on their back, hence the name "midwife". They are nocturnal animals.
  6. Fire Salamander - Fire Salamander is probably the most well-known salamander species in Europe. It is black and has different kinds of yellow spots or stripes. Fire Salamanders live in forests in the hilly parts of southern and central Europe. They prefer deciduous forests. The diet of the fire salamander consists of various insects, spiders, earthworms and slugs.
  7. Spectacled Salamander - Spectacled Salamander is a species of salamander in the Salamandridae family. This species is found only in the Apennine Range in Italy in humid valleys and shady, overgrown hillsides at altitudes between 200 and 1200 m. It has a warty, brownish-black back, and a ribbed appearance on its flanks, with a creamy white, V-shaped mark between the eyes.
  8. Caecilian - Caecilians are a group of limbless, serpentine amphibians. Caecilians completely lack limbs. Their tails are short or absent. Their skin is smooth and usually dark, but some species have colourful skins. Caecilians are found in wet, tropical regions of Southeast Asia, parts of East and West Africa, Central America and in northern and eastern South America.
  9. Olm – Olm or proteus is an aquatic salamander in the family Proteidae, the only exclusively cave-dwelling chordate species found in Europe. In contrast to most amphibians, it is entirely aquatic it eats, sleeps and breeds underwater. Olm's body is snakelike, 20–30 cm long.
  10. Mud-puppy – Mudpuppy is a species of salamander in the genus Necturus. Mudpuppies live in streams, lakes and ponds in the eastern part of North America. They are usually a rusty brown colour and can grow to an average length of 33 cm. Mudpuppies are nocturnal creatures.
  11. Amphiuma or Congo Eel – Amphiuma is a genus of aquatic salamanders, the only extant genus within the family Amphiumidae. Amphiumas have an elongated body, generally grey-black in colour. They do have legs, but they are merely vestigial and very small. While amphiumas can be up to 116 cm long, their legs measure only up to about 2 cm.
  12. Crested Newt - Crested Newt is a newt in the family Salamandridae, found across Europe and parts of Asia. It is a relatively large species measuring upto 14 to 15 cm long. These newts have dark grey-brown backs and flanks and are covered with darker-coloured spots so they appear almost black. Their undersides are either yellow- or orange-coloured and are covered in large, black blotches.
  13. Axolotl - Axolotl is a type of amphibian that represents unmetamorphosed larvae of the Mexican salamander. Unlike other amphibians, axolotl spends its entire life in the water. Axolotl looks like a tadpole with limbs, dorsal fin and a pair of external gills. Axolotl does not have eyelids. Axolotl is a carnivore. Axolotl has unique capability to regenerate different parts of its body in the case they are lost or damaged. This unique-looking animal is listed as critical endangered.

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