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| Social Problems in India Chart |
Spectrum Chart - 635 : Social Problems in India
1. Killing Girl Child – Killing girl
child is the practice of terminating a pregnancy based upon the
predicted sex of the infant. The selective abortion of female fetuses
is most common in areas where cultural norms value male children over
female children, especially in parts of East Asia and South Asia.
2. Child Labour - Child Labour is the
practice of having children engage in economic activity, on part- or
full-time basis. The practice deprives children of their childhood
and is harmful to their physical and mental development. Poverty,
lack of good schools and growth of informal economy are considered as
the important causes of child labour in India.
3. Child Abuse - Child abuse is physical,
sexual or psychological mistreatment or neglect of a child or
children, especially by a parent or other caregiver. It may include
any act or failure to act by a parent or other caregiver that results
in actual or potential harm to a child and can occur in a child's
home or in the organisations, schools or communities the child
interacts with. Child abuse is an international phenomenon. Poverty
and substance abuse are common social problems worldwide and no
matter the location, show a similar trend in the correlation to child
abuse.
4. Woman Abuse – Woman abuse is a
violent acts that are primarily or exclusively committed against
women. Sometimes considered a hate crime, this type of violence
targets a specific group with the victim's gender as a primary
motive.
5. Malnutrition – Malnutrition is a
condition that results from eating a diet in which nutrients are
either not enough or are too much such that the diet causes health
problems. Malnutrition is often used specifically to refer to
under nutrition where there is not enough calories, protein or
micronutrients. The World Bank estimates that India is one of the
highest ranking countries in the world for the number of children
suffering from malnutrition.
6. Drugs - Drug addiction is a chronic
disease characterised by compulsive, or uncontrollable, drug seeking
and use despite harmful consequences and changes in the brain. These
changes in the brain can lead to the harmful behaviours seen in people
who use drugs.
7. Poverty – Poverty is general
scarcity, dearth or the state of one who lacks a certain amount of
material possessions or money. It is a multifaceted concept, which
includes social, economic and political elements. Poverty may be
defined as either absolute or relative. Absolute poverty or
destitution refers to the lack of means necessary to meet basic needs
such as food, clothing and shelter. Relative poverty takes into
consideration individual social and economic status compared to the
rest of society.
8. Illiteracy - Illiteracy means unable to
read or write or understand simple things. Education is important to
be able to read and write and at least learn some knowledge about the
world. Illiteracy in India is a problem which has complex dimensions
attached to it. Illiteracy in India is more or less concerned with
different forms of disparities that exist in the country. There are
gender imbalances, income imbalances, state imbalances, caste
imbalances. One of the primary reasons for dismal literacy rates is
inadequate school facilities. The teaching staff that is employed
across the government-run schools is inefficient and unqualified.
Another reason which leads to the maximum dropouts among the children
is the lack of proper sanitation.
9. Homelessness – Homelessness is the
condition of people without a permanent dwelling, such as a house or
apartment. People who are homeless are most often unable to acquire
and maintain regular, safe, secure and adequate housing. Homelessness
occurs for many reasons. It may happen when people or households are
unable to buy and/or maintain housing they can afford.
10. Corruption – Corruption is a form of
dishonest or unethical conduct by a person entrusted with a position
of authority, often to acquire personal benefit. Corruption may
include many activities including bribery and embezzlement.
Government or 'political', corruption occurs when an office-holder or
other governmental employee acts in an official capacity for personal
gain. The causes of corruption in India include excessive
regulations, complicated taxes and licensing systems, numerous
government departments each with opaque bureaucracy and discretionary
powers, monopoly by government controlled institutions on certain
goods and services delivery and the lack of transparent laws and
processes.
11. Dowry - Dowry refers to the durable
goods, cash and real or movable property that the bride's family
gives to the bridegroom, his parents or his relatives as a condition
of the marriage. It is essentially in the nature of a payment in cash
or some kind of gifts given to the bridegroom's family along with the
bride and includes cash, jewellery, electrical appliances, furniture
etc. The dowry system is thought to put great financial burden on the
bride's family. In some cases, the dowry system leads to crime
against women, ranging from emotional abuse, injury to even deaths.
12. Rape – Rape is usually defined as
having sexual intercourse with a person who does not want to or
cannot consent. Consent is when someone agrees of their own choice
without being forced to. People of any gender can be raped. Girls and
women or boys and men may stay quiet about a rape because they might
feel ashamed about it.
13. Caste Discrimination - Caste discrimination involve the division of people into castes where
assignments of rights are determined by birth, descent and work are
fixed and hereditary. Those who fall outside the caste system are
considered “lesser human beings”, “impure” and thus
“polluting” to other caste groups. The assignment of basic rights
among various castes is unequal and hierarchical, with those at the
top enjoying most rights and privileges coupled with least duties and
those at the bottom are forced to perform most duties considered
impure coupled with no rights.
14. Smoking – Smoking is a practice in
which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be
tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream. Most commonly the substance
is the dried leaves of the tobacco plant which have been rolled into
a small square of rice paper to create a small, round cylinder called
a "cigarette". Smoking generally has negative health
effects, because smoke inhalation inherently poses challenges to
various physiologic processes such as respiration. Diseases related to
tobacco smoking have been shown to kill approximately half of long
term smokers when compared to average mortality rates faced by
non-smokers.
15. Drinking – Drinking an alcoholic
beverage, that contains a substantial amount of ethanol a depressant
which in low doses causes euphoria, reduced anxiety and sociability
and in higher doses causes intoxication, stupor and unconsciousness.
Long-term use can lead to alcohol abuse, physical dependence and
alcoholism. Drinking of alcohol is associated with a decreased risk
of heart disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus and early death.
Excessive consumption of alcohol can cause liver cirrhosis and
alcoholism.
16. Robbery – Robbery is the crime of
taking or attempting to take anything of value by force, threat of
force or by putting the victim in fear. At common law, robbery is
defined as taking the property of another, with the intent to
permanently deprive the person of that property, by means of force or
fear.
17. Child Marriage - Child marriage is a
formal marriage or informal union entered into by an individual
before reaching the age of 18. Child marriage in India, according to
the Indian law, is a marriage where either the woman is below age 18
or the man is below age 21. Most child marriages involve underage
women, many of whom are in poor socio-economic conditions.
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