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| Gymnastics Chart |
Spectrum Chart - 595 : Gymnastics
1. Ribbon – Ribbon is a component of
rhythmic gymnastics composed of a handle, a ribbon and attachment.
Compulsory elements for the ribbon include flicks, circles, snakes
and spirals and throws. It requires a high degree of co-ordination to
form the spirals and circles as any knots which may accidentally form
in the ribbon are penalised. During a ribbon routine, large, smooth
and flowing movements are looked for. The ribbon may not stop moving
else points are taken off.
2. Hoop - A hoop may be made of plastic or
wood, provided that it retains its shape during the routine. The
interior diameter is from 51 to 90 cm and the hoop must weigh a
minimum of 300 g. Fundamental requirements of a hoop routine include
rotation around the hand or body and rolling, as well as swings,
circles, throws and passes through and over the hoop. The routines in
hoop involves mastery in both apparatus handling and body difficulty
like leaps, jumps and pivots.
3. Trampoline – Trampolining is a
competitive Olympic sport in which gymnasts perform acrobatics while
bouncing on a trampoline. These can include simple jumps in the pike,
tuck or straddle position to more complex combinations of forward or
backward somersaults and twists.
4. Parallel Bars - Parallel bars is an
apparatus used by gymnasts in artistic gymnastics. Gymnasts may
optionally wear grips when performing a routine on the parallel bars.
The apparatus consists of two parallel bars that are held parallel to
and elevated above, the floor by a metal supporting framework. The
bars are composed of wood or other material, with an outer coating of
wood. A performance will involve swinging skills in a support
position, a hanging position and an upper arm position. Also,
parallel bar routines often feature a strength or static hold skill.
5. Floor Exercise - The event in
gymnastics performed on floor is called floor exercise. Floor
exercise routines last up to 90 seconds. The routine is choreographed
in advance, and is composed of acrobatic and dance elements. This
event, above all others, allows the gymnast to express her
personality through her dance and musical style. The moves that are
choreographed in the routine must be precise, in sync with the music
and entertaining.
6. Uneven Bars – The uneven bars is an
artistic gymnastics apparatus. It is used only by female gymnasts. It
is made of a steel frame. The bars are made of fibre glass with wood
coating or less commonly wood. The bars are placed at different
heights and widths, allowing the gymnast to jump from bar to bar.
7. Balance Beam – The balance beam is an
artistic gymnastics apparatus, as well as the event performed using
the apparatus. Both the apparatus and the event are sometimes simply
referred to as "beam". The beam is a small, thin beam which
is typically raised from the floor on a leg or stand at both ends.
The balance beam is only performed by female gymnasts. Beams are
usually made of leather like material.
8. Ball – Ball is an apparatus used in
rhythmic gymnastics. It is made of either rubber or synthetic
material provided it possesses the same elasticity as rubber. The
ball should rest in the gymnast's hand and not rest against the wrist
or be able to be grasped. Fundamental elements of a ball routine
include throwing, bouncing or rolling. The gymnast must use both
hands and work on the whole floor area whilst showing continuous
flowing movement.
9. Rope – Rope may be made of hemp or a
synthetic material which retains the qualities of lightness and
suppleness. Its length is in proportion to the size of the gymnast.
When the middle of the rope is held down by the feet, both ends
should reach the gymnasts' armpits. The fundamental requirements of a
rope routine include leaps and skipping. Other elements include
swings, throws, circles, rotations and figures of eight.
10. Tumbling - In gymnastics, tumbling is
an acrobatic sporting discipline which combines some of the skills of
artistic gymnastics on the floor with those of trampolining. It is
practised on a 25-meter-long spring track sometimes. It was developed
from tumbling performances performed by entertainers from very early
times but as a sport is now codified, regulated, judged and performed
using standardised special acrobatic equipment. This sport is
practised by both men and women.
11. Rings – Rings is an artistic
gymnastics apparatus and the event that uses it. It is traditionally
used only by male gymnasts, due to its extreme upper-body strength
requirements. Gymnasts typically wear ring grips while performing on
the rings. An exercise on rings consists of swing, strength and hold
elements.
12. Pommel Horse – The pommel horse is an
artistic gymnastics apparatus. Traditionally, it is used by only
male gymnasts. Originally made of a metal frame with a wooden body and
a leather cover, modern pommel horses have a metal body covered with
foam rubber and leather, with plastic handles. Pommel horse is
considered one of the more difficult men's events.
13. Group Rhythmic Event - Rhythmic Group
Gymnastics, performed by teams of five, perform intricate routines
using multiple apparatus at the same time. Motion and creativity
characterise Rhythmic Group routines, where many things are often
happening at the same time.
14. Clubs - Multi-piece clubs are the most
popular clubs. The club is built along an internal rod, providing a
base on which a handle made of polyolefin plastic is wrapped,
providing an airspace between it and the internal rod. The skills
involved are apparatus mastery and body elements, Clubs are thrown
from alternate hands; each passes underneath the other clubs and is
caught in the opposite hand to the one from which it was thrown.
15. Vault – Vault is an artistic
gymnastics apparatus on which gymnasts perform, as well as the skill
performed using that apparatus. Vaulting is also the action of
performing a vault. Both male and female gymnasts perform the vault.
Gymnasts are expected to land cleanly, with no hops or steps, and
within a set landing zone on the landing mat. They must also
demonstrate good technique and execution in the actual vault.
16. Horizontal Bar – The horizontal bar,
also known as the high bar, is an apparatus used by male gymnasts in
artistic gymnastics. It traditionally consists of a cylindrical metal
bar that is rigidly held above and parallel to the floor by a system
of cables and stiff vertical supports. The horizontal bar is often
considered one of the most exciting gymnastics events due to the
power exhibited by gymnasts during giant swings and spectacular
aerial releases and dismounts that often include multiple flips or
twists and in some cases, airborne travel over the bar.
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