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| Man Made Disaster 2 Chart |
Spectrum Chart - 495 : Man Made Disaster 2
1. Terrorist Attack – Terrorist Attack
is defined as the use or threatened use of violence (terror) in order
to achieve a political, religious or ideological aim. It is
classified as fourth-generation warfare and as a violent crime. In
modern times, terrorism is considered a major threat to society and
therefore illegal under anti-terrorism laws in most jurisdictions. It
is also considered a war crime under the laws of war.
2. War – War is a state of armed
conflict between societies. It is generally characterised by extreme
collective aggression, destruction, and usually high mortality. Total
war is warfare that is not restricted to purely legitimate military
targets, and can result in massive civilian or other non-combatant
casualties. The deadliest war in history, in terms of the cumulative
number of deaths since its start, is the Second World War, from 1939
to 1945, with 60–85 million deaths
3. Radiation Emergencies - Radiation
poisoning, radiation sickness or radiation toxicity, is a collection
of health effects that are present within 24 hours of exposure to
high amounts of ionizing radiation. The radiation causes cellular
degradation due to damage to DNA and other key molecular structures
within the cells in various tissues. Radiation exposure can also
increase the probability of developing some other diseases, mainly
different types of cancers.
4. Pandemics & Diseases - A pandemic
is an epidemic of infectious disease that has spread through human
populations across a large region, for instance multiple continents
or even worldwide. Throughout history, there have been a number of
pandemics, such as smallpox and tuberculosis. One of the most
devastating pandemics was the Black Death, killing over 75 million
people in 1350. The most recent pandemics include the HIV pandemic
and H1N1 pandemics.
5. Human Stampedes - Human stampedes and
crushes often occur during religious pilgrimages and professional
sporting and music events, as these events tend to involve many
people in a dense area (overcrowded). They also occur in times of
panic as people try to get away.
6. Bioterrorism – Bioterrorism refers to
the use of biological agents with the intent to cause panic, illness
or death. There are biological agents in nature, but they can be
changed artificially in order to make them more effective. There are
many methods of spreading biological agents. Biodefence is defence
against bioterrorism, often in the form of a vaccine or medicine.
7. Sports Stadium Disaster – Sports
stadium disaster takes place due to stampede in the stadium or due to
the violent clash between the supporters of the two participating
teams. In football matches the clashes between the supporters used to
take place every once in a while. But now due to strict guidelines
from FIFA it has reduced drastically. Many innocent lives have been
lost in stadium disaster across the world in various sporting events.
8. Riots / Civil Disorder – A riot is a
form of civil disorder commonly characterised by a group lashing out
in a violent public disturbance against authority, property or
people. Riots typically involve vandalism and the destruction of
property, public or private. The property targeted varies depending
on the riot and the inclinations of those involved. Targets can
include shops, cars, restaurants, state-owned institutions and
religious buildings.
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