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| Man Made Disaster 1 Chart |
Spectrum Chart - 494 : Man Made Disaster 1
1. Train Accident – A derailment is said
to take place when a train runs off its rails. This does not
necessarily mean that it leaves its track. The derailment of a train
can be caused by a collision with another object, the mechanical
failure of tracks, such as broken rails or the mechanical failure of
the wheels.
2. Aviation Accident – An aviation
accident is an occurrence associated with the operation of an
aircraft, which takes place between the time any person boards the
aircraft with the intention of flight until all such persons have
disembarked, where a person is fatally or seriously injured, the
aircraft sustains damage or structural failure or the aircraft is
missing or is completely inaccessible.
3. Shipwreck – A shipwreck is the
remains of a ship that has wrecked, which are found either beached on
land or sunken to the bottom of a body of water. Shipwrecking may be
deliberate or accidental. UNESCO estimates that worldwide over 3
million shipwrecks, lie on seabeds. Poor design, improperly stowed
cargo, navigation and other human errors leading to collisions, bad
weather, fire and other causes can lead to accidental sinking.
4. Traffic Collision – A traffic
collision occurs when a vehicle collides with another vehicle,
pedestrian, animal, road debris or other stationary obstruction, such
as a tree or utility pole. Traffic collisions may result in injury,
death and property damage. A number of factors contribute to the risk
of collision, including vehicle design, speed of operation, road
design, road environment and driver skill, impairment due to alcohol
or drugs and behaviour, notably speeding and street racing.
5. Structural Collapse - Bad design,
faulty construction, foundation failure, extraordinary loads,
earthquakes etc are the major causes of structural collapse. Bad
design does not mean only errors of computation, but a failure to
take into account the loads the structure will be called upon to
carry, reliance on inaccurate data etc. Faulty construction has been
the most important cause of structural failure. The engineer is also
at fault here, if inspection has been lax.
6. Bridge Collapse - Bridges are crucial
transportation links that carry road and rail traffic across rivers,
gorges or other roads. When a bridge collapses it can be tragic
event, it can be fatal too. There are various causes for bridge
collapse which can occur and cause a tragic event. Poor maintenance,
design defects, material defects, floods, earthquake, vehicular
collisions are few of the causes that may cause bridge to collapse.
7. Wildfires – Wildfire is a general
term which includes forest fires, grassland fires, bushfires, brush
fires and any other vegetation fire in countryside areas. Wildfires
occur on every continent except Antarctica. They can occur naturally,
but many are caused by humans, accidentally or deliberately.
Wildfires can cause extensive damage to property and human life.
8. Space Accident – Space accidents
results in fatality or near-fatality during flight or training for
manned space missions and testing, assembly, preparation or flight of
manned and unmanned spacecraft. As of 2016, in-flight accidents have
killed 18 astronauts, in four separate incidents. An astronaut of
Indian origin Kalpana Chawla was killed in 2003 along with 6 other
astronauts in Space Shuttle Columbia disaster.
9. Arson – Arson is the crime of
intentionally, deliberately and maliciously setting fire to
buildings, wildland areas, dumpsters, vehicles or other property with
the intent to cause damage. Arson often involves fires deliberately
set to the property of another or to one's own property so as to
collect insurance compensation. A person who commits this crime is
called an arsonist. Arsonists use accelerants such as gasoline or
kerosene to ignite, propel and directionalize fires.
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