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| Rainforest Chart |
Spectrum Chart - 567 : Rainforest
1. Tropical Rainforest - Tropical
rainforests occur in areas of tropical rainforest climate in which
there is no dry season – all months have an average precipitation
value of at least 60 mm – and may also be referred to as lowland
equatorial evergreen rainforest. Tropical rainforests can be
characterised in two words hot and wet. Mean monthly temperatures
exceed 18°C during all months of the year. Average annual rainfall
is no less than 168 cm and can exceed 1,000 cm. Tropical rainforests
are among the most threatened ecosystems globally due to large-scale
fragmentation as a result of human activity.
2. Temperate Rainforest - Temperate
rainforests are coniferous or broadleaf forests that occur in the
temperate zone and receive heavy rainfall. Temperate rainforests only
occur in a few regions around the world. Rainforests are also the
source of many things that are useful to human beings. As many as one
out of every four drugs bought at the store were discovered in rain
forest. Coffee, chocolate, bananas, corn, tea, sweet potatos, Brazil
nuts, rubber, and tapioca all came from the rain forest. Very
valuable wood is taken from the trees of the rain forest.
3. Pitcher Plant - A pitcher plant is an
Insectivorous plant. They eat insects and other small animals.
Insectivorous plants grow in soil that has little nitrogen. All
living things must have nitrogen. Insectivorous plants get nitrogen
from the insects they eat. Pitcher of the pitcher plant is actually a
modified leaf. The apex of the leaf is the lid.
4. Orchid – The orchids are a large
family of flowering plants, the Orchidaceae. They are herbaceous
monocots. Colombia and Ecuador have many different species. Ecuador
has 3459 species, the greatest number recorded. After Ecuador is
Colombia, which has 2723. Then New Guinea, 2717 and Brazil, which has
2590 species in all.
5. Victoria Water Lily - Victoria Water
Lily (Victoria amazonia) is a species of flowering plant, the largest
of the Nymphaeaceae family of water lilies. The species has very
large leaves, up to 3m in diameter, that float on the water's surface
on a submerged stalk, 7–8 m in length. The flowers are white the
first night they are open and become pink the second night. They are
up to 40 cm in diameter and are pollinated by beetles.
6. Bird of Paradise – Bird of paradise
is a genus of five species of perennial plants, native to South
Africa. It belongs to the plant family Strelitziaceae. The leaves are
large, 30–200 cm long and 10–80 cm broad, similar to a banana
leaf in appearance but with a longer petiole and arranged strictly in
two ranks to form a fan-like crown of evergreen foliage.
7. Bamboo Tree - The bamboos are a
subfamily (Bambusoideae) of flowering perennial evergreen plants in
the grass family Poaceae. Bamboos include some of the fastest-growing
plants in the world, due to a unique rhizome-dependent system.
Certain species of bamboo can grow 91 cm within a 24-hour period.
Bamboo species are found in diverse climates, from cold mountains to
hot tropical regions.
8. Cupuassu - Cupuassu is a tropical
rainforest tree related to cacao. Common throughout the Amazon basin,
it is widely cultivated in the jungles of Colombia, Bolivia and Peru
and in the north of Brazil. The white pulp of the cupuaçu has an
odour described as a mix of chocolate and pineapple and is frequently
used in desserts, juices and sweets. The juice tastes primarily like
a pear, with a hint of banana.
9. Cacao – Cacao is the dried and fully
fermented fatty seed of Theobroma cacao from which cocoa solids and
cocoa butter can be extracted. They are the basis of chocolate. Cacao
is widely distributed from southeastern Mexico to the Amazon basin.
10. Mushroom – A mushroom is the fruiting
body of a kind of fungus. Unlike plants, mushrooms do not use
sunlight to make energy for themselves. Most mushrooms have a stem
and a cap. The bottom of the cap sometimes has gills to hold spores
and sometimes holds the spores themselves. Mushrooms are used
extensively in cooking, in many cuisines.
11. Gourd - Gourd is light green in colour
and long, flesh inside is spongy & white in colour. Gourd
contains over 90% water therefore it is easy to digest. Gourd is
extremely popular for weight loss, reducing high blood pressure and
keeping your heart healthy.
12. Orangutan - Orangutans are large, red
coloured Apes. They are the only group of Great Apes that live
outside the Africa. There are two types of orangutans: Sumatran and
Borean orangutans. Both species are critically endangered because of
poaching and loss of habitat. Orangutans are the largest arboreal
mammals. They are herbivore. 50% of their diet consists of fruit.
13. Clouded Leopard - The Clouded leopard
is a rare cat species. It is a medium-sized felid, found from the
Himalayan foothills through mainland Southeast Asia into China.
Clouded leopards hunt in trees as well as on the ground. They are one
of the few cats who are arboreal. They have average life span of
around 11 years.
14. Pangolin - Pangolin is odd-looking
animal that belongs to the group of anteaters. Pangolin body is
covered with hard, brown scales made of keratin. Scales cover every
piece of their body except forehead, belly and the inner side of
their legs. Pangolins have five toes on each foot. Pangolins are
insectivores. Pangolins can eat up to 70 million insects per night.
15. Tapir - Tapirs are large mammals that
look like pigs with prolonged snouts. Tapir can be found in Central
and South America and Asia (Sumatra and Malaysia). Tapirs live in
swamps, grasslands, forests and mountains. Tapirs are herbivorous.
They eat leaves and fruit twice a day.
16. Toucan - Toucan is a South American
bird in the family Ramphastidae. Toucans are renown for their large
colourful bills. At 8 inches they have the longest bill of any bird in
the world in relation to their body size 25 inches. Toucans mainly
eat fruit, but sometimes prey on insects and small lizards. Toucans
are one of the nosier jungle birds. They live for up to 20 years.
17. Macaw - Macaw
is a New World parrot. Some of the species are large birds, the
largest of the parrots. Macaws are native to Mexico, Central America,
South America and formerly the Caribbean. Macaws, like all parrots,
are unusually intelligent birds. Macaws eat a variety of foods
including seeds, nuts, fruits, palm fruits, leaves, flowers and
stems.
18. Hornbill -
Hornbill are found in tropical and subtropical Africa, Asia and
Melanesia. They are characterised by a long, down-curved bill which
is frequently brightly coloured and sometimes has a casque on the
upper mandible. Hornbills range in size from 40 cm (16 inches), in
the smaller Tockusspecies, to 160 cm (63 inches), in the great
hornbill.
19. Hoatzin – Hoatzin is a tropical bird
found in swamps, river forests and mangroves of the Amazon and the
Orinoco delta in South America. Hoatzin has a long neck, small head
with reddish-brown crest and blue facial skin with red eyes. Its body
is covered with dark and light brown feathers combined with white and
yellow feathers. Hoatzins are one of the rare birds that are
exclusively herbivores. Average lifespan of the hoatzin is 15 years
in the wild and up to 30 years in captivity.
20. Blue Poison Dart Frog - Blue poison
dart frog is a poison dart frog found in the forests surrounded by
the Sipaliwini savanna, which is located in southern Suriname and
adjacent far northern Brazil. It is a medium-sized frog that weighs
about 8 grams and grows to 3.0-4.5 cm in length. Its bright blue
skin, usually darker around its limbs and stomach, serves as a
warning to predators. Blue poison dart frog feeds on ants, beetles,
flies, mites, spiders, termites, maggots and caterpillars.
21. Salamander - Salamander is a type of
amphibian, close relative of frogs and toads. They live mostly in the
northern hemisphere, in the wet areas near the lakes and ponds. There
are 500 known species of salamanders. Salamanders look like lizards
because of their long and slim body, but unlike lizards they have
smooth and glossy skin.
22. Emerald Tree Boa - Emerald tree boa is
a non-venomous boa species found in the rainforests of South America.
They grow to about 6 feet in length. The colour pattern typically
consists of an emerald green ground colour with a white irregular
interrupted zigzag stripe or so-called 'lightning bolts' down the
back and a yellow belly. The diet consists primarily of small
mammals, but they have been known to eat some smaller bird species as
well as lizards and frogs.
23. Lizard – Lizards are reptiles.
Together with snakes, they make up the order Squamata. There are
about 6,000 species, which live all over the world. Size varies
greatly, ranging from 5 inches to the Komodo dragon's 9 feet and 150
pounds. Most lizard species are harmless to humans. Many lizard
species are capable of shedding part of their tails through a process
called autotomy.
24. Cockroach – Cockroach is an insect of
the order Blattaria. There are 4,000 species. About 30 species invade
human homes. Cockroach has 6 legs and over 18 knees. Legs with
multiple joints represent adaptation to the life in different
terrains. Cockroaches contain vitamin-producing bacteria in their
body. Thanks to these bacteria, cockroaches ensure enough nutrients.
Cockroaches can survive long period without food. They need just one
meal per month. Cockroaches spend most of their time hidden in very
tight spaces.
25. Moth - Moths are insects that belong to
the order Lepidoptera. They are less-colourful cousins of
butterflies. There are more than 150,000 species of moths that can be
found around the world. Moths inhabit forests, fields, meadows,
agricultural fields and human settlements. Moths are active during
the night and their bodies are usually dark coloured. Moths have
long, curled tongue designed for diet based on nectar, fruits and
berries. Moths are important pollinators of various plant species.
26. Mantis – Mantis is a type of insect.
They are usually known as praying mantis because of their prayer-like
stance. Mantises have large, triangular heads with a beak-like snout
and mandibles. They have two bulbous compound eyes, three small
simple eyes and a pair of antennae. Mantis are notable for their
hunting abilities. They are predators and their diet usually consists
of living insects, including flies and aphids.
27. Spider - Spiders are air-breathing
arthropods. They have eight legs and chelicerae with fangs that
inject venom. Spiders are found worldwide on every continent except
for Antarctica. Most spiders have four pairs of eyes on the top-front
area of the body.
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