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| Antarctica Chart |
Spectrum Chart - 566 : Antarctica
1. Antarctica Region – Antarctica is the
Earth's southernmost continent. It is on the South Pole. It's almost
entirely south of the Antarctic Circle. Around Antarctica is the
Southern Ocean. It is the fifth-largest continent in area. About 98%
of Antarctica is covered by ice. Antarctica, on average, is the
coldest, driest and windiest continent. Antarctica is considered a
desert.
2. Geographic South Pole – The
Geographic South Pole is the most southern point on the Earth. It is
in Antarctica and is the center of the Southern Hemisphere. South
Pole is on a mountainous continent. It is covered by thick ice. The
south Pole is very high up and is very windy. It is far from places
where people live and ships going there often have to find their way
through thick sea ice. Once ashore, land-travelling explorers have to
travel more than a thousand miles to get to the pole.
3. Dakshin Gangotri - Dakshin Gangotri was
the first scientific base station of India situated in Antarctica,
part of the Indian Antarctic Program. It is located at a distance of
2,500 kilometres from the South Pole. It is currently being used as a
supply base and transit camp. It was established during the third
Indian expedition to Antarctica in 1983–84.
4. Leopard Seal - Leopard seal is the
second largest species of seal in the Antarctic, after the Southern
Elephant Seal. It is most common in the southern hemisphere along the
coast of Antarctica and on most sub-Antarctic islands. The leopard
seal is large and muscular, with a dark grey back and light grey on
its stomach. Its throat is whitish with the black spots that give the
seal its common name.
5. Walrus - A walrus is a marine mammal,
the only species of the family Odobenidae. They live in the cold
northern seas around North America & Europe. The most famous
thing about walruses are their tusks. Even though they are called
tusks, they are actually teeth growing out of their mouth. Walruses
can change colour depending on how warm they are. They are usually
different kinds of brown, but as they get warmer, their skin can turn
pink.
6. Humpback Whale - Humpback Whale is a
large baleen whale with long flippers and a knobbly head. They can be
found in every ocean. They can grow to 15–16 m (49–52 ft) long
and weigh up to 40 metric tons. The male humpback whale is known to
sing for up to 22 hours at a time. Their lifespan ranges from 45 to
100 years.
7. Blue Whale - Blue Whale is a marine
mammal belonging to the baleen whales. At 30 metres (98 ft) in length
and up to 173 tonnes in weight, it is the largest extant animal and
is the heaviest known to have existed. Blue whale's body is long and
slender. Blue whales feed almost exclusively on krill, an adult blue
whale can eat up to 40 million krill in a day.
8. Emperor Penguin - Emperor Penguin is
the tallest and heaviest of all living penguin species and is endemic
to Antarctica. Like all penguins it is flightless, with a streamlined
body and wings stiffened and flattened into flippers for a marine
habitat. Adult emperor penguins stand up to 110–130 cm tall. The
weight ranges from 22.7 to 45.4 kg. The lifespan is typically 20
years in the wild, although observations suggest that some
individuals may live to 50 years of age.
9. Antarctic Tern - Antarctic tern is a
typical tern. It ranges throughout the southern oceans. Antarctic
tern is a small bird at 31–38 cm long. Its bill is usually a dark
red or blackish. It is mainly pale grey and white, but has a black
cap when breeding. The total global population of this bird is around
140,000 individuals.
10. Antarctic Krill - Antarctic krill is a
species of krill found in the Antarctic waters of the Southern Ocean.
It is a small, swimming crustacean that lives in large schools,
called swarms. It grows to a length of 6 centimetres (2.4 in), weighs
up to 2 grams and can live for up to six years. It is a key species
in the Antarctic ecosystem.
11. Squid - Squid are cephalopods of the
order Teuthida, which comprises around 304 species. Squid have eight
arms arranged in pairs and two, usually longer, tentacles with
suckers. Squid are strong swimmers and certain species can "fly"
for short distances out of the water. Most squid are no more than 60
centimetres long, although the giant squid may reach 13 metres (43
ft).
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