Types of Forest 1 Chart |
Spectrum Chart - 441 : Types of Forest 1
1. Temperate Coniferous Forest - Temperate
coniferous forest is a terrestrial biome found in temperate regions
of the world with warm summers and cool winters and adequate rainfall
to sustain a forest. These forests can be found in the United States,
Canada, Europe and Asia. Many species of tree inhabit these forests
including cedar, cypress, Douglas fir, fir, juniper, pine,
podocarpus, spruce, redwood and yew. The understory also contains a
wide variety of herbaceous and shrub species.
2. Subalpine Coniferous Forest - Subalpine
conifer forests is a temperate coniferous forests eco region. These
forests are typically found on steep, rocky, north-facing slopes.
This eco region is home to several species of mammals.
3. Freshwater Swamp Forest - Freshwater
swamp forests are forests which are inundated with freshwater, either
permanently or seasonally. They normally occur along the lower
reaches of rivers and around freshwater lakes. Freshwater swamp
forests are found in a range of climate zones, from boreal through
temperate and subtropical to tropical.
4. Lowland Equatorial Evergreen Rainforest
- Lowland equatorial evergreen rainforests are forests which receive
high rainfall with more than 2000 mm or 80 inches of rains annually
throughout the year. These forests occur in a belt around the
equator, with the largest areas in the Amazon basin of South America,
the Congo basin of central Africa and parts of the Malay Archipelago.
5. Secondary Forest (Second – Growth
Forest) – A secondary forest (second-growth forest) is a forest or
woodland area which has re-grown after a major disturbance such as
fire, insect infestation, timber harvest or wind throw, until a long
enough period has passed so that the effects of the disturbance are
no longer evident. Secondary forests tend to have trees closer spaced
than primary forests and contain less undergrowth than primary
forests.
6. Mangrove Forest – Mangroves are
shrubs or small trees that grow in coastal saline or brackish water.
The term is also used for tropical coastal vegetation consisting of
such species. Mangroves are salt tolerant trees, also called
halophytes and are adapted to life in harsh coastal conditions. They
contain a complex salt filtration system and complex root system to
cope with salt water immersion and wave action. They are adapted to
the low oxygen (anoxic) conditions of waterlogged mud.
7. Boreal Forest or Taiga Forest - Taiga
also known as boreal forest is a biome characterised by coniferous
forests consisting mostly of pines, spruces and larches. The taiga is
the world's largest biome apart from the oceans. In North America it
covers most of inland Canada and Alaska as well as parts of the
extreme northern continental United States.
8. Peat Swamp Forest - Peat swamp forests
are forest wetlands in tropical and subtropical areas. They have poor
drainage and waterlogged soil prevents dead leaves and wood from
fully decomposing. Over time, this creates a thick layer of acidic
peat. Peat swamp forests are usually surrounded by lowland rain
forests on better-drained soils and by brackish or salt-water
mangrove forests near the coast. Peat swamp forests are home to
thousands of animals and plants, including many rare and critically
endangered species such as the orangutan and Sumatran tiger, whose
habitats are threatened by peat land deforestation.
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