Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel -
Vallabhbhai Jhaverbhai Patel (31 October 1875 – 15 December
1950), popularly known as Sardar Patel, was the first Deputy Prime
Minister of India. He was an Indian barrister and statesman, a
leader of the Indian National Congress and a founding father of the
Republic of India who played a leading role in the country's
struggle for independence and guided its integration into a united,
independent nation. In India and elsewhere, he was often addressed
as Sardar, which means Chief in Hindi, Urdu and Persian. His
commitment to national integration in the newly independent country
was total and uncompromising, earning him the sobriquet "Iron
Man of India". He is also affectionately remembered as the
"Patron saint of India's civil servants" for having
established the modern all-India services system. He is also called
the Unifier of India. A commemoration of Patel, held annually on his
birthday, 31 October, known as the Rashtriya Ekta Diwas (National
Unity Day).
Narendra Modi - Narendra
Damodardas Modi is an Indian politician who is the 14th
and current Prime Minister of India, in office since May 2014. He
was the Chief Minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 and is the
Member of Parliament for Varanasi. Modi, a member of the Bharatiya
Janata Party(BJP) and member of the right-wing Rashtriya Swayamsevak
Sangh (RSS). Born to a Gujarati family in Vadnagar, Modi helped his
father sell tea as a child and later ran his own stall. He was
introduced to the RSS at the age of eight, beginning a long
association with the organisation. Modi led the BJP in the 2014
general election, which gave the party a majority in the Lok Sabha,
the first time a single party had achieved this since 1984. Since
taking office, Modi's administration has tried to raise foreign
direct investment in the Indian economy, increased spending on
infrastructure. The economic policies of Modi's government focused
on privatisation and liberalisation of the economy, based on a
neoliberal framework.
Mahatma Gandhi - Mohandas
Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was a leader
of nationalism in British-ruled India. He is more commonly called
Mahatma Gandhi; Mahatma is an honorific meaning "great-soul"
or "venerable" in Sanskrit. He was first called this in
1914 in South Africa. He is also called Bapu in India. Gandhi was
one of the most important people involved in the movement for the
independence of India. He was a non-violent activist, who led the
independence movement through a non-violent protest. Gandhi's
birthday, 2 October, is commemorated in India as Gandhi Jayanti, a
national holiday and worldwide as the International Day of
Nonviolence.
Indira Gandhi - Indira
Gandhi (19 November 1917 – 31 October 1984) was an Indian
politician and the only female Prime Minister of the country. She
served as Prime Minister from 1966 to 1977 and from 1980 until her
assassination in 1984. As Prime Minister, Indira was known for
centralisation of power and political ruthlessness. She went to war
with Pakistan in support of the independence movement and war of
independence in East Pakistan, which resulted in an Indian victory
and the creation of Bangladesh. Citing fissiparous tendencies and in
response to a call for revolution, Gandhi instituted a state of
emergency from 1975 to 1977 where basic civil liberties were
suspended and press was censored. Widespread atrocities were carried
out during the emergency. In 1980, she returned to power after free
and fair elections. She was responsible for India joining the club
of countries with nuclear weapons. Despite India being officially
part of the Non-Aligned Movement, she gave Indian foreign policy a
tilt towards the Soviet bloc. Being at the forefront of Indian
politics for decades, Gandhi left a powerful but controversial
legacy on Indian politics.
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar -
Dr. Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar, popularly known as Babasaheb
Ambedkar, was a jurist, social reformer and politician. He is also
known as the Father of Indian Constitution. A well-known politician
and an eminent jurist, his efforts to eradicate social evils like
untouchablity and caste restrictions were remarkable. Throughout his
life, he fought for the rights of the dalits and other socially
backward classes. Ambedkar was appointed as India's first Law
Minister in the Cabinet of Jawaharlal Nehru. He was posthumously
awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian honor, in 1990.
Dr. Ambedkar was appointed as the chairman of the constitution
drafting committee on August 29, 1947. Ambedkar emphasized on the
construction of a virtual bridge between all classes of the society.
Jawaharlal Nehru - Jawaharlal
Nehru (14 November 1889 – 27 May 1964) was the first Prime
Minister of independent India. He was a member the Congress Party
that led the freedom movement against the British rule. He was the
chief framer of domestic and international policies during his term
as PM between 1947 and 1964. It was under Nehru's supervision that
India launched its first Five-Year Plan in 1951. Nehru was one of
the architects to steer the nascent nation towards the brilliance
envisioned by countless revolutionaries of the Indian Freedom
struggle. Nehru developed India as a secular nation true to its
thousand years old cultural heritage. He had immense love for
children and his birthday, November 14, is celebrated as Children’s
day in India.
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